Wednesday, January 29, 2020
A History of Journalism in the Philippines Essay Example for Free
A History of Journalism in the Philippines Essay Revolution, the press, which plays a potent role in the promotion of truth, justice, and democracy, and of peace, progress, and prosperity, was liberated from dictatorship. During this period, crony newspapers were closed and the National Press Club and the Philippine Press Institute were revived to professionalize mass media in the country. During this period, significant changes, advances, and developments have taken place in Philippine journalism. Newspapers and periodicals have expanded in pages, sections, coverages, and circulations. They have become venues of sensitive issues like death penalty, charter change, juetengate scandal, and visiting forces agreement, and of diverse issues about the civil society, land reform, human rights, genders issues, and other areas that before the 1986 EDSA Revolution were previously ignored or minimally covered. Some investigative reports have led to further investigations, have enhanced transparency, and have reduced corruption in the judiciary, executive, and legislative branches of the government. These developments are attributed to the continuing efforts of the newspaper and the periodical industry and their research and academic organizations: the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, which conducts rigorous research in the affairs of the state; the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility, which upgrades professionalism and responsibility of media practitioners through seminars, workshops, and publications; the Philippine Press Institute, which conducts trainings and sponsors the Annual Community Press Awards that recognizes excellence among provincial newspapers and periodicals; and the Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, which offers graduate studies in journalism and in communication management and conducts media research, interim training, and policy advocacy. In 1998, there are 14 daily broadsheets and 19 tabloids published in Metro Manila. Among the broadsheets with the biggest circulations include the Manila Bulletin with a claimed circulation of 280 000 on weekdays and 300 000 on weekends and the Philippine Daily Inquirer with a claimed circulation of 260 000 on weekdays and 280 000 on weekends. Among the tabloids with the biggest circulations include the Abante with a claimed circulation of 417 600 and the People’s Journal with a claimed circulation of 382 000. Out of the 408 provincial newspapers and periodicals, 30 are printed daily, 292 are published weekly, and the rest are circulated either monthly or quarterly. Today, based from the 2000 Philippine Media Fact Book, there are 559 print publications, 475 broadsheets, 45 magazines, and 39 tabloids and comics; 22 percent are published in the National Capital Region, 12 broadsheets, 17 tabloids, 32 magazines, 39 comics, and 5 Chinese newspapers. Among the broadsheets with the biggest circulations include the Philippine Daily Inquirer with a daily circulation of 257 416, followed by the Philippine Star, 251 000, and the Manila Bulletin, 240 000. Other broadsheets with their daily circulation are as follows: Today, 152 268; Kabayan, 150 000; Malaya, 135 193; Manila Standard, 96 310; Sun Star Manila, 87 000; Philippine Post, 78 218; The Manila Times, 75 000; Business World, 61 283; and The Daily Tribune, 50 000. Among the tabloids with the biggest circulations include Bulgar with a daily circulation of 448 450, followed by the People’s Journal, 382 200, and the People’s Tonight, 365 811. Other tabloids with their daily circulation are as follows: Remate, 310 000; Abante, 260 000; Bandera, 253 523; Pilipino Star Ngayon, 250 200, People’s Bagong Taliba, 210 000; Balita, 175 725; Tempo, 160 000; Abante Tonight, 150 000; Isyu, 126 835; Saksi Ngayon, 100 000; Remate Tonight, 90 000; Balita sa Hapon, 35 000; and Sun Star Bulilit, 30 000. Among the Sunday supplements of daily newspapers, Panorama of the Manila Bulletin has the highest number of circulation, 300 000, followed by the Sunday Inquirer Magazine of the Philippine daily Inquirer, 268 575, and the Starweek Magazine of the Philippine Star, 268 000. Among the entertainment magazines, Glitter has the highest number of circulation with 300 000, followed by the Pilipino Reporter News Magazine, 188 192, and the Woman Today, 184 900. __________________________________________________________ Inquiry, Dissent, and Struggle Javier Flores and Ava Vivian Gonzales Though the Philippine Collegian retains the singular distinction of being the most illustrious campus paper in the country, there is no single Collegian. A rummage through the archives, through pages crumbling with age, reveals an impermanence of its character. There are indeed as many versions of the Collegian as there are batches of writers and students, and passing crises peculiar to different times. Each generation names its own foes. The process of writing, subversive as it is, fords the inter-generational divide. Such exercise puts one upon inquiry, the starting point of advocacy. When one writes, one requires breathing space: the right to dissect any topic under the sun and in the domain of heaven, and the right not to be interfered with in so doing. The practice of interrogating accepted modes of thinking and overturning paradigms breeds criticism of the powers that be. In the Collegians storied past, this criticism, coming at times when to be informed was an offense, was not always welcome. There were issues which came out with white spaces where editorials should have been. Homobono Adaza, then editor in chief (EIC), was removed from office for writing an editorial against the UP Administration. During the Martial Law years, staffers were threatened that they would not graduate if they persisted in attacking the government. The bright lives of some of its editors: Abraham Sarmiento Jr., Antonio Tagamolila, and Enrique Voltaire Garcia III, among a host of others, were snuffed out. The history of the Collegian is likewise replete with struggles against those who desired to shackle the freedom of writers: the fight against vague provisions on the selection of judges for the editorial exam; the battle to abolish the position of a faculty adviser who had to sign every page proof of the paper; and the endeavor to take care of its own coffers without the Administration holding its finances hostage. Since the birth of Collegian in 1922, generations of writers have dipped their pens into the inkwell of society racked with vicissitudes. The Collegian was a party in their efforts to resolve the varied inequities of the times with articles that seared, and commentaries that burned. It is imperative that we turn the page to remind us of the efforts of those who came before us. Perfection lies not behind us, but ahead of us. It is not a forsaken paradise, but a territory we must one day conquer, a city we must one day build. Nevertheless, it is not a mortal sin to occasionally contemplate the cornerstones that have been placed by those before us to show us what is possible.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Strategic Management Essay -- Business essays research papers
Strategic Management Introduction To deal effectively with the wide array of factors affecting the ability of a business to grow and prosper, managers need advanced processes they feel will facilitate the optimal positioning of the business in its competitive environment. Such positioning is possible with strategic management because this process improves preparedness for unexpected internal or competitive demands. Therefore, strategic management is an all-encompassing approach for formulating, implementing and evaluating managerial decisions in a way that permits the business to reach its objectives. For a strategic management plan to be successful, however, every manager should: †¢Ã‚     Clearly see the need for change †¢Ã‚     Be firmly committed to the idea of changing the business planning process †¢Ã‚     Assure that the strategic management process has credibility with everyone involved †¢Ã‚     Make sure that final plans are realistic and reflect actual resources and capabilities †¢Ã‚     Train all participants in the procedures essential to the strategic management process †¢Ã‚     Develop concise and well-organized plans One of the world’s best performing natural resources companies created a unique organizational structure that combines the advantages of small business units with â€Å"virtual structures†- groupings of these business units - that can address different strategic issues and competitive environments. Overview The formality of the strategic management process varies widely. Formality refers to the degree to which membership, responsibilities, authority and discretion in decision making are specified. It is an important consideration in the study and application of strategic management because the degree of formality is usually positively correlated with the cost, comprehensiveness, accuracy and success of planning. The requirements for small business indicate the need for a moderate degree of formality. This is consistent with the ability to communicate face-to-face (size) and the need for flexibility (changing demands). The important issue is involvement with the process, not generating reams of paperwork (Camerer, 195-219). Resistance to change should be reduced. Businesses vary in the processes they use to formulate and direct their strategic management activities. Many using sophisticated planning techniques have developed more detai... ...heir management of their organizations, due to their important role in the culture formation and preservation process. They need to be continually aware of the cultural values espoused through their behavior and actions. References Astley, W.G., and C.J. Fombrun, 1983, Collective Strategy:     Social Ecology of Organizational Environments. Academy of     Management Review 8: pp. 576-587 Burgelman, R.A. 1996, A Process Model of Strategic Business     Exit: Implications for an Evolutionary Perspective on     Strategy. Strategic Management Journal 17: pp. 193-214 Camerer, Colin F. 1994, Does Strategy Research Need Game     Theory? In Fundamental Issues in Strategy: A Research     Agenda. Richard P. Rumelt, Dan E. Schendel, and David J.     Teece (eds.). Pp. 195-219. Boston: Harvard Business     School Press Galbraith, Jay R. 1995, Designing Organizations: An Executive     Briefing on Strategy, Structure and Process, San     Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers pp. 12-15 Harrison, Jeffrey S., and Caron H. St. John, 1998, Strategic     Management of Organizations and Stakeholders: Concepts.     2nd Edition. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College     Publishing, pp. 44-59
Monday, January 13, 2020
Andy Warhol’s Dracula Painting Essay
Understanding the artwork of Andy Warhol is something akin to figuring out a Zen riddle. That is, and people will look for something extraordinary when all they need to do is understand the simplicity of what they are viewing. Andy Warhol’s concept of pop art involved taking the very common images in presenting them in such a way that the commonality was elevated. But can you really elevate something that is common? Apparently so; Warhol did this quite effectively in his earlier works. However, in later years, Warhol’s work started to look a little tired. Perhaps the novelty of pop art was wearing off and Warhol’s creativity had stretched thin. There were, however, some interesting pieces of art produced by Warhol in the last decade of his life. This return to inspired creativity is evident in 1981’s painting Dracula , one of his most underrated works. What was the inspiration for the Dracula painting? Was it Bram Stoker’s novel? Was it the classic Bela Lougosi interpretation? Was it the popular play passion of Dracula that proved very successful at the time? To a degree, they may have all had their influences in prompting Warhol to use Dracula as subject matter. But, do not let be fooled: Warhol was probably very influenced by a film he produced entitled blood for Dracula . blood for Dracula was an odd dark, tragic satire that saw the aging Count travel to the Catholic country of Italy to find virgin blood. Unless he can find such a victim, he will (finally) die of old age. Of course, his search for a virgin proves fruitless and his days are numbered. While the obvious satire of morality is evident, not so evident is the notion that Dracula represents the old world of the aristocracy. Dracula remains the last of the aristocrats having seen the world he previously knew disappearing to the expansion of Marxism. It is this same subtle theme that is also present in the Dracula painting and that is what makes it so striking. With fangs bared, cape cowl turned upwards, and eyes wide open it would seem that this is a frightening picture of Dracula. Upon close examination, it really isn’t. Yes, in a previous generation the image of Dracula recreated by Warhol would be considered terrifying. However, by 1981, said to image really is – for lack of a better word – corny. Economic woes, foreign policy strife, and social upheaval had driven horror movies to become more violent and more graphic. The classic monsters simply became a casualty of the era. They were no longer frightening. And, as the painting infers, Dracula knows this. If you look closely into the eyes of Dracula (in the painting) you will notice decidedly out of place emotions. The eyes simply do not appear menacing or frightening. Actually, they appear more confused than anything else. They are wide open and â€Å"glassey†and seemingly have a dual expression of shock and boredom. Perhaps Dracula is shocked that he is no longer frightening. Or, perhaps, he is simply bored of his role as King of the Vampires. Either way, this would indicate a character that understands time has passed him by. This is clearly not the Count Dracula of bygone eras. This is a crucial point because it is this â€Å"past him prime†appearance that Warhol apparently wanted to capture. This is interesting since he opts not to elevate a character from pop culture; but, instead, decides to deconstruct one. In a way, there is a melancholy sadness found in Warhol’s Dracula painting. This would seem to make sense, however, since the true role of pop art is to depict things as we really see them. In 1981, we were no longer looking at Dracula as a character as much as a tired caricature.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Raven, Annabel Lee, And The Fall Of The House Of The...
Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories: The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The fall of the house of the Usher, are just some of the thrilling tales that have left the reader feeling pure disturbia and macabre. However, the most ghostly mystery is the death of this profound poet. Therefore, Poe is my favorite author because of his tragic early life, his unusually marriage, and his mysterious death. Poe was born to traveling actors: Elizabeth Poe and David Poe Jr. in Boston on January 19, 1809, but within three years both of his parents had died from Tuberculosis. He was then taken in by John and Frances Allan, a well-to-do Richmond, Virginia couple unable to have children of their own. John Allan was a wealthy tobacco merchant who provided Poe with a†¦show more content†¦So when Poe visits his deathly father to say goodbye one last time, Poe is abruptly told to leave by John Allen’s second wife. Nevertheless Poe continues to say a farewell to his father but John Allan, using what little strength was left of him, â€Å"raised his cane, threatened to strike him if he came within his reach, ordered him out; upon which Poe withdrew, that was the last time they ever met†(Poe Log, p. 137). When John Allan died on March 27, 1834, his will made no mention of Poe. After the death of Poe’s father, he was in immense debt and eventually became homeless. Although Poe was living in poverty, he still continued to publish his work and subsequently, he won a contest sponsored by the Saturday Visiter. The connections Poe established through the contest allowed him to publish more stories and to eventually gain an editorial position at the Southern Literary Messenger in Richmond. It was at this magazine that Poe finally found his life’s work as a magazine writer. Within a year Poe helped make the Messenger the most popular magazine in the south with his thrilling stories and book reviews. Poe developed a reputation as a fearless critic who not only attacked an author’s work but also insulted the author and the northern literary establishment. His worst decision was targeting one of the famous writers in the country; the anthologist and editor Rufus Griswold. Consequently, after Poe died, his biggestShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Red Death 1868 Words  | 8 Pagesones and, family members which inspired him to wright The Fall of the House of Usher, The Masque the Red Death, The Raven and Annabel Lee. â€Å" He lived with illness and misfortune †¦ there was almost no catastrophe that didn’t touch his life at some point†(Arno Rarlen) The death of the people that he adored and loved caused Poe to wright many of his great short stories and poems, like The Fall of the House of Usher. The Fall of the House of Usher a horrific story of dieses death and insanity the mirrorRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven 1602 Words  | 7 PagesJadon Vanderslice. Ms. Glass English 1213 5 February 2017 Poe Edgar Allan Poe, arguably one of the best poets ever, has wrote many great and deep-meaning poems, such as â€Å"Annabel Lee,†and â€Å"Dream Within a Dream.†Both putting off a rather dark image and goth-like elements, a way of writing Poe loved best. Mostly known for â€Å"The Raven†, Poe’s Poems all have real deep and mysterious meanings that make people think a bit more to figure it out. The way he expressed terror, the suspense, the heighteningRead MoreJadon Vanderslice.. Ms. Glass. English 1213. 5 February1715 Words  | 7 PagesJadon Vanderslice. Ms. Glass English 1213 5 February 2017 Poe Edgar Allan Poe, arguably one of the best poets ever, has wrote many great and deep-meaning poems, such as â€Å"Annabel Lee,†and â€Å"Dream Within a Dream.†Both putting off a rather dark image and goth-like elements, a way of writing Poe loved best. Mostly known for â€Å"The Raven†, Poe’s Poems all have real deep and mysterious meanings that make people think a bit more to figure it out. The way he expressed terror, the suspense, the heighteningRead MoreCriticism of Poe Essays1019 Words  | 5 Pagesis some disagreement on the results, with the exception of â€Å"Annabel Lee,†which is universally acknowledged as a tribute to Poes child-bride, Virginia. Poes obsession with death in his poetry is linked to the deaths of so many of the important women in his life and the resulting sense of desertion. (Sisler, 2004) Edgar Allan Poe’s best known poem â€Å"The Raven†, gaining international attention for Poe after being published in The Raven and Other Poems making it one of the most famous poems everRead MoreLife and Talent of Edgar Allan Poe906 Words  | 4 Pages(1849) and â€Å"Annabel Lee†(1849). All these touch on the women he loved and treasured in his life. These are the women who meant a lot in his life and when death strikes them he is really hurt. In â€Å"Annabel Lee†the narrator is so much in love with a woman by the name Annabel Lee. When this lady passes on the narrator directs his blame and frustration on angels but death cannot ruin his determination in love. It is written â€Å"The wind came out of the cloud, chilling / And killing my Annabel Lee†. He goesRead MoreEssay about The Work and Life of Edgar Allan Poe1994 Words  | 8 Pagespublished one of his greatest works, ?The Tell-Tale Heart? (?Poe, Edgar Allan,? Encarta Encyclopedia) . Then again, in 1845, Poe had some success with his work ?The Raven and Other Poems?. In 1848, Poe explained his theories on the universe in his well-known piece, ?Eureka? (?Poe, Edgar Allan,? World Book Encyclopedia 592). .      ?The Raven? brought Poe the most recognition and finally provided a spot for him among America?s greatest writers. Writers and critics were giving great praises to him duringRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe, My Hero And This Is Why1487 Words  | 6 Pagesinto many fights. That he ended up moving to his aunt and cousin’s house. He later married his cousin Virginia. He wrote for magazines and wrote and he wrote stories for entertainment. His wife had passed away from tuberculosis â€Å"in 1847, Poe was devastated and started drinking heavily. She may be the inspiration for Poe’s poem â€Å"Annabel Lee†. Still other people think that is was made for someone else. There are theories like Annabel Lee was his girlfriend of his th at had died. Even though he was veryRead MoreGothic Literature : Edgar Allan Poe928 Words  | 4 Pagesthe horrifying architecture in The Fall of the House of Usher, the supernatural elements The Masque of the Red Death and the daunting deathly ventures of Annabel Lee or The Raven. Poe, just like all great authors, had his influences whether they were other Gothic and Romantic writers or the Gothic elements of the life he lived in the eighteen-hundreds. Edgar Allan-Poe’s creativity ran rampant during the period of time that he wrote The Fall of the House of Usher and The Casque of Amontillado. WhereRead More Edgar Allan Poe1 Essay2429 Words  | 10 PagesEncyclopedia n. pag). Then again in 1845, Poe struck gold with his twelve stories in Tales and 30 poems in The Raven and Other Poems (592). In 1848, Poe explained his theories on the universe in his well-known piece, â€Å"Eureka†(â€Å"Poe, Edgar Allan,†World Book Encyclopedia 592). In 1843, Poe wrote the timeless classic of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†(Encarta N. pag). It was the poem, â€Å"Raven†that brought Poe the most recognition and finally provided a spot for him among America’s greatest writers. Read MoreEdgar Allan Poe; Fame Inspired by a Tragic Life865 Words  | 4 Pagesthe author, his life, and his writings closely. WHO IS EDGAR ALLAN POE? Edgar Allan Poe was a Boston poet who lived from the early to mid 1800s. Some of his more familiar works consist of the poems â€Å"The Raven†and â€Å"Annabelle Lee†. As for his short stories, â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†as well as â€Å"A Tell-Tale Heart†are common reads for many academically active students. Poe himself, along with his works, are the subjects of many papers each year. It is said that he, â€Å"was one of the United
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